Alternatives to Decline, Threat or Scarcity: Exit, Voice, Loyalty and Institutional Response

Peter J. Buckley

Chapter 4 in The Changing Global Context of International Business, 2003, pp 56-63 from Palgrave Macmillan

Abstract: Abstract This chapter examines alternative strategies facing firms subject to decline, threat or scarcity. Four alternative strategies are suggested: exit, voice, loyalty and institutional reorganization. These strategies apply both to internal activities (within the firm) and to external relationships, most particularly with suppliers and customers.

Keywords: Switching Cost; International Business; Exit Option; External Relationship; Fair Dealing (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2003
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:pal:palchp:978-0-230-50155-3_4

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DOI: 10.1057/9780230501553_4

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