Problematic internet use in early adolescence: gender and depression differences in a latent growth curve model

Peng Wang (), Xiqing Yuan, Tao Gao, Xiao Wang, Qiulian Xing, Xinyu Cheng and Yu Ming
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Peng Wang: Wenzhou University
Xiqing Yuan: Shandong Normal University
Tao Gao: Shandong Normal University
Xiao Wang: Nanjing Normal University
Qiulian Xing: Shandong Normal University
Xinyu Cheng: Shandong College of Electronic Technology
Yu Ming: Shandong Normal University

Palgrave Communications, 2025, vol. 12, issue 1, 1-12

Abstract: Abstract This study examined whether there are gender differences in the developmental trajectory of Problematic Internet Use (PIU) and the impact of developmental changes in depression on PIU development, based on the cognitive-behavioral model and the Psychological Needs Compensation model. The study used the Latent growth curve model to analyze 3-year trace data from Chinese adolescents in grades 6 to 9. The findings revealed that the initial level of PIU during early adolescence was significantly greater than 0, with higher levels in boys compared to girls. A progressive trend in PIU development was observed, which decelerated over time, and no significant gender differences were found. Additionally, a rising pattern was identified in the development of depression. The change rate of depression was a highly significant positive predictor of the change rate in PIU. These findings contribute to an enhanced comprehension of the relationship between depression and the development of adolescent PIU, offering scientific guidance for the promotion of adolescents’ physical and mental well-being.

Date: 2025
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DOI: 10.1057/s41599-025-04697-z

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