Upgrade in the MENA region: Cases of Algeria, Egypt, Morocco and Tunisia

Ghomari Souhila Malti and Berrached Wafaa Berber

Perspectives of Innovation in Economics and Business (PIEB), 2014, vol. 14, issue 2, 61-68

Abstract: The concept of upgrading is new in the economic literature, very few theorists are focused on explaining this concept, but all agreed on the relationship of upgrading with the competitiveness of companies. In the context of increasingly competitive environment the countries of the MENA regions including Algeria, Egypt, Tunisia and Morocco have established several programs to upgrade their businesses. Efforts to revitalize these programs have nevertheless been undertaken in recent years, raising hopes for a favorable impact on the competitiveness of companies.

Keywords: MENA region; upgrading; competitiveness; incentives; adjustment; liberalization; industrial policy; structural reforms (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2014
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