Culprit and Victim: Scenarios for Philippine Agriculture amidst Climate Change

Roehlano M. Briones and Ivory Myka R. Galang

No DP 2024-36, Discussion Papers from Philippine Institute for Development Studies

Abstract: The study explores the complex role of Philippine agriculture, both as a contributor to and a victim of climate change. The agriculture sector, responsible for 23 percent of the country’s greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, simultaneously faces severe losses from extreme climate events, which account for 60 percent of disaster-related damages. This study aims to assess the impact of climate change on Philippine agriculture, evaluate mitigation and adaptation options, and formulate effective policy recommendations to foster resilience and sustainability. Scenarios are analyzed using a computable general equilibrium model to examine different pathways for adapting to and mitigating climate change impacts on agriculture, framed as (a) baseline, (b) intensified adaptation, and (c) combined adaptation and mitigation scenarios. The findings reveal that without enhanced interventions, Philippine agriculture is at risk of long-term supply and consumption reductions, leading to greater vulnerability. Meanwhile, the adoption of intensified adaptive and mitigation measures shows potential for improved resilience, increased productivity, and contributions to national climate commitments, at fairly modest intervention costs. The policy recommendations emphasize proactive climate action in agriculture that aims to enhance adaptation while contributing to mitigation efforts. Accurate GHG emissions estimates across sectors, especially agriculture, are crucial for targeted policies. Climate adaptation measures must be prioritized to ensure sustainable production amid growing climate risks, despite potential uneven outcomes across sub-sectors. Introducing cost-effective mitigation technologies, such as Alternate Wetting and Drying for rice and improved manure management, can reduce emissions without compromising productivity. The Philippines should integrate agriculture into its unconditional Nationally Determined Contributions (NDC), focusing on technologies that offer sustainability while maintaining sectoral competitiveness and food security. Comments on this paper are welcome within 60 days from the date of posting. Email publications@pids.gov.ph.

Keywords: climate change; Philippine agriculture; mitigation; adaptation; greenhouse gas emissions; GHG; nationally determined contributions; sustainable farming; resilience; climate-smart agriculture; food security; emission reduction; alternate wetting and drying; manure management; climate adaptation policy; agricultural sustainability; Department of Agriculture; climate change expenditure tagging; Climate Change Commission; Paris Agreement (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Pages: 44
Date: 2024
New Economics Papers: this item is included in nep-agr, nep-env and nep-sea
References: Add references at CitEc
Citations:

Downloads: (external link)
https://www.pids.gov.ph/publication/discussion-pap ... midst-climate-change (application/pdf)

Related works:
This item may be available elsewhere in EconPapers: Search for items with the same title.

Export reference: BibTeX RIS (EndNote, ProCite, RefMan) HTML/Text

Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:phd:dpaper:dp_2024-36

DOI: 10.62986/dp2024.36

Access Statistics for this paper

More papers in Discussion Papers from Philippine Institute for Development Studies Contact information at EDIRC.
Bibliographic data for series maintained by Michael Ralph M. Abrigo ().