The Burden of Typhoid and Paratyphoid in India: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Jacob John, Carola J C Van Aart and Nicholas C Grassly

PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases, 2016, vol. 10, issue 4, 1-14

Abstract: Background: Typhoid is an important public health challenge for India, especially with the spread of antimicrobial resistance. The decision about whether to introduce a public vaccination programme needs to be based on an understanding of disease burden and the age-groups and geographic areas at risk. Methods: We searched Medline and Web of Science databases for studies reporting the incidence or prevalence of typhoid and paratyphoid fever confirmed by culture and/or serology, conducted in India and published between 1950 and 2015. We used binomial and Poisson mixed-effects meta-regression models to estimate prevalence and incidence from hospital and community studies, and to identify risk-factors. Results: We identified 791 titles and abstracts, and included 37 studies of typhoid and 18 studies of paratyphoid in the systematic review and meta-analysis. The estimated prevalence of laboratory-confirmed typhoid and paratyphoid among individuals with fever across all hospital studies was 9.7% (95% CI: 5.7–16.0%) and 0.9% (0.5–1.7%) respectively. There was significant heterogeneity among studies (p-values

Date: 2016
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:plo:pntd00:0004616

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0004616

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