First-trimester urinary glycolic acid and methylsuccinic acid measurement for preeclampsia prediction: A Systematic review protocol

Svitsai Chagonda, Vitaris Kodogo, Fortunate Katambarare, Rumbidzai Mawira, Mandy Marume, Justen Manasa, Donald Tanyanyiwa and Jonathan Matenga

PLOS ONE, 2026, vol. 21, issue 9, 1-8

Abstract: Introduction: Preeclampsia is an important cause of maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality around the world, with hypertension on the rise in sub-Saharan Africa. First-trimester screening for preeclampsia is vital for guiding preventative therapies like low dose aspirin. Traditional biomarkers face accessibility barriers in low-resource settings. Urinary glycolic acid (GA) and methylsuccinic acid (MSA) have emerged as stable, cost-effective, non-invasive metabolic candidates. However, their prognostic value has not been systematically evaluated. This systematic review aims to evaluate the prognostic value of first trimester urinary glycolic acid and methylsuccinic acid for development of preeclampsia. Methods: This systematic review will be guided by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis – Protocols (PRISMA-P) checklist and has been registered with PROSPERO (CRD420251057596). The following databases will be searched: Cochrane Library, Embase, PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, grey literature and trial registries from 2008 to August 2026. Eligible studies will include pregnant women in the first trimester (

Date: 2026
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:plo:pone00:0356735

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0356735

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