Testing the environmental Kuznets curve hypothesis in Madagascar: Empirical evidence using the ARDL approach

Testing the environmental Kuznets curve hypothesis in Madagascar: \\ Empirical evidence using the ARDL approach

Josué R. Andrianady

MPRA Paper from University Library of Munich, Germany

Abstract: This study tests the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis in Madagascar using time-series data from 1990 to 2015. Employing the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) approach and Granger causality tests, we analyze the nexus between CO$_2$ emissions, economic growth, agricultural production, and trade openness. Results confirm a U-shaped EKC, with economic growth initially reducing emissions before increasing at higher income levels. Trade openness marginally reduces emissions, while agricultural production has no significant impact. Granger causality tests indicate that economic growth drives emissions. Policy recommendations include promoting trade in environmentally friendly goods and investing in clean energy to mitigate emissions.

Keywords: EKC Hypothesis; Carbon Dioxide Emissions; Economic Growth; ARDL; Granger Causality; Madagascar (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: A1 Q4 Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:pra:mprapa:125625

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