Réduction du temps de travail. Organisation et conditions de travail

Philippe Askenazy

Revue Économique, 2000, vol. 51, issue 3, 547-556

Abstract: [eng] Worksharing: organizational change and workplace health. . The shorter working time should induce an improvement in workplace health. This note aims to challenge this wisdom. The shorter working time can be associated with an intensification of work and an increasing flexibility. The observation of the first agreements under the Robien and later Aubry's laws in France confirms that occupational hazards can arise. A model of union bargaining over wages and working conditions shows that a dramatic decline in working time can induce unions to accept an intensification of work and damaging work conditions in compensation for unaltered or higher wages. The employment consequences in this partial equilibrium framework are also studied. [fre] Cette note met en évidence qu'une réduction massive de la durée du travail (RTT) n'implique pas nécessairement une amélioration des conditions de travail. Les premiers accords Robien puis Aubry confirment les risques de densification, d'intensification du travail ou de flexibilité accrue alors que les salaires sont préservés. Un modèle de négociation paritaire sur les salaires et les conditions de travail permet d'expliquer ces accords : lors d'une RTT, les syndicats peuvent accepter de tels changements organisationnels devenus supportables pour un temps de travail réduit, en contrepartie d'un maintien relatif des salaires. En équilibre partiel, l'impact théorique sur l'emploi est alors ambigu.

Date: 2000
Note: DOI:10.3406/reco.2000.410535
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