The integration of artificial intelligence in higher education institutions’ workforce: a literature review

Mbalenhle Khumalo, Ayogeboh Epizitone, Smangele Pretty Moyane, Ntando Nkomo, Peggy Pinky Mthalane, Mthokozisi Luthuli, Phamela Zondi and Samkelisiwe Phokoye
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Mbalenhle Khumalo: Durban University of Technology
Ayogeboh Epizitone: Durban University of Technology
Smangele Pretty Moyane: Durban University of Technology
Ntando Nkomo: Durban University of Technology
Peggy Pinky Mthalane: Durban University of Technology
Mthokozisi Luthuli: Durban University of Technology
Phamela Zondi: Durban University of Technology
Samkelisiwe Phokoye: Durban University of Technology

International Journal of Research in Business and Social Science (2147-4478), 2025, vol. 14, issue 6, 393-399

Abstract: Artificial Intelligence (AI) integration has become increasingly prevalent in various industries, transforming business processes and creating new opportunities. As AI continues to shape the future of work, organisations such as Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) must scrutinize their readiness to develop a workforce competent in AI. AI competencies are fundamental to successfully enacting and integrating these technologies. As a result, several organisations have invested in workforce readiness, albeit these efforts are affected by several actors and determinants. Consequently, organisations must examine the workforce readiness for AI integration as a technology of the future. This paper aims to explore the integration of AI in organisations such as HEIs to ascertain workforce readiness. Addressing three pivotal research questions, it delves into the extent to which the workforce in HEIs is developed and competent in AI, the contributing factors shaping the integration of AI into HEIs’ workforce, and the overall readiness of HEIs in fostering workforce development within the realm of AI. Employing a systematic content analysis review, the study provides pragmatic findings, serving as a reference point to elevate workforce readiness and pinpoint critical determinants. The study identified factors contributing to AI competency development that serve as valuable insights for other institutions aiming to design and implement effective workforce development programs in AI. Also, the findings provide significant implications for institutions seeking to enhance their workforce's competency in AI. Key Words:artificial intelligence, Higher Education Institutions, Workforce, Readiness

Date: 2025
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