 중동ㆍ북아프리카 지역 에너지 보조금 정책 개혁의 영향과 사회적 인식에 관한 연구(A Study on Energy Subsidy Reform and Perceptions in MENA)Munsu Kang (),
SungHyun Son,
Kwangho Ryou (),
Jieun Lee () and
Saerom Han ()
No 23-18, Policy Analyses from Korea Institute for International Economic Policy Abstract: 중동·북아프리카 지역의 에너지 보조금 정책 개혁에 관한 논의는 정부 재정 건전화, 사회보장 서비스 확대를 위한 재원 확보, 기후변화 대응 및 탈탄소화를 근거로 지속적으로 이루어지고 있다. 그러나 2010년대 이후 이루어진 보조금 정책 개혁에 따라 물가가 급등하면서 사회적 불안정이 발생하는 계기가 되기도 하였다. 이에 본 연구에서는 2010~21년 사이 에너지 보조금 정책이 중동·북아프리카 지역 경제 활동과 환경에 미친 영향, 그리고 에너지 보조금에 관한 사회적 인식도 조사를 바탕으로 보조금 정책 개혁을 위한 정책 과제를 제시하였다. 에너지 보조금 개혁에 관한 논의는 역내 경제 성장, 사회적 영향, 그리고 환경적인 영향까지 종합적으로 고려해서 이루어져야 하는바, 이에 본 연구에서는 취약계층을 위한 사회 서비스 개선, 대중교통 시스템 및 에너지 효율성 개선, 재생에너지 지원 확대, 캠페인을 통한 인식 개선을 정책 과제로 제시하였다. In recent years, international efforts have been made to reduce fossil fuel-based energy subsidies as the energy transition has accelerated in response to climate change. As part of a social contract, energy subsidies have been used to stabilize domestic prices and stimulate the economy, especially in the Middle East and North Africa. As a result, per capita energy subsidies in the Middle East and North Africa (hereafter referred to as MENA) have reached the highest levels in the world, and excessive government spending has also been identified as a factor preventing the expansion of social services for the most vulnerable. In light of the decarbonization trends and research showing that energy subsidies contribute to air pollution, subsidy policies are at a critical crossroads between reduction and maintenance. However, the Arab Spring in 2011 occurred in countries that attempted to reduce energy subsidies and resulted in consumer prices rises contributing to political instability. More recently, the overall increase in energy subsidies since 2020 was also an attempt to stabilize the domestic situation by overcoming the economic downturn through the successive outbreaks of the COVID-19 pandemic and the Russian-Ukrainian war. Despite its importance, there is little research on the impact and social perceptions of energy subsidy policies in the MENA region with coverage since the late 2010s. To fill this gap, this study focuses on the impact of energy subsidy policies on the economy and environment, and social perceptionsof energy subsidies in the MENA region. Using satellite data such as nighttime lights and air pollution concentrations, this study examines trends in energy subsidy policies and levels in the MENA region in the 2010-2021 period. Lastly, we conducted an online survey to examine awareness of energy subsidy policy and policy reform in the MENA. Based on these findings, this study proposed recommendations for energy subsidy policy reform, taking into account the MENA context. (the rest omitted) Keywords: Middle East and North Africa(MENA); climate change; energy subsidy reform; energy transition (search for similar items in EconPapers) Downloads: (external link) Related works: Export reference: BibTeX RIS (EndNote, ProCite, RefMan) HTML/Text Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:ris:kieppa:2023_018 Access Statistics for this paper More papers in Policy Analyses from Korea Institute for International Economic Policy [30147] 3rd Floor Building C Sejong National Research Complex 370 Sicheong-daero Sejong-si, Korea. Contact information at EDIRC. |
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