The liberalization of Romania’s electricity market – Phase 3

Silvia Vlasceanu
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Silvia Vlasceanu: HENRO - Association of Electricity Producers

Romanian Competition Journal, 2025, vol. 4, issue 1, 60-65

Abstract: This article provides an in-depth analysis of Romania’s electricity market liberalization, focusing on the institutional, legislative, and consumer behavior challenges that have shaped each of the three major phases of liberalization. Romania's energy sector has experienced a turbulent ride, influenced by shifting political agendas, European obligations, and fluctuating market conditions. Since 2000, liberalization has been intermittently suspended and resumed, influenced by measures such as Government Emergency Ordinances 114/2018 and 27/2022, which temporarily reintroduced price regulation. Romania faces a third push toward full liberalization, spurred by pressure from the European Commission. This article reviews historical trends, the extent of consumer engagement, and structural changes in the market. It underscores a lack of legislative continuity, inadequate digital infrastructure, and the pressing need for energy education. Ultimately, it argues that liberalization can bring tangible benefits to consumers—provided it is implemented consistently and without administrative disruptions.

Keywords: liberalization; electricity; competitive market; consumer; regulation. (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:ris:rocojo:021916

DOI: 10.58276/RCJ.2025.1.2

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