The energy transition and its impact on the competitiveness of the Romanian energy market in the context of the European Union

Mihail Busu and Livia Baciu
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Mihail Busu: Competition Council
Livia Baciu: Bucharest University of Economic Studies Applied and Theoretical Faculty

Romanian Competition Journal, 2026, vol. 6, issue 1, 84-91

Abstract: The energy transition is one of the main priorities of the European Union in the context of the objectives of decarbonization, increasing energy efficiency and strengthening energy security. The purpose of this study is to analyze Romania’s position within the European energy market by assessing energy productivity, the use of renewable energy sources and the structure of energy consumption. The analysis uses data provided by EUROSTAT for the period 2017–2024 and aims to compare Romania’s performance with that of the European Union. The results highlight an increase in energy productivity from 4.88 to 6.40 in the analyzed period, as well as a share of renewable energy in final consumption of approximately 25%, above the level of major economies such as Germany and France. At the same time, the analysis shows that oil and natural gas continue to hold an important share in the national energy mix, and transport and households are the main energy consumers. The results suggest that Romania has made significant progress in the energy transition process, but additional investments in energy efficiency, renewable sources and energy infrastructure are needed to achieve the objectives assumed at European level.

Keywords: energy productivity; renewable energy; energy transition; romania; european union; eurostat. (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2026
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:ris:rocojo:023793

DOI: 10.58276/RCJ.2026.1.5

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