Validation of the Educator-Targeted Bullying Measurement

Nusrah Samat, Goi Mei Teh, Abdul Mutalib Mohamed Azim and Norashikin Hussein

Information Management and Business Review, 2025, vol. 17, issue 3, 216-224

Abstract: Previous research and practitioners typically concentrate on a limited operational definition of bullying when examining educators’ experiences with bullying in higher educational institutions (HEIs). This study employs the term Educator-Targeted Bullying (ETB) to denote a more precise variable, owing to the narrow definition of academic bullying. This study aims to validate a 47-item instrument that assesses three forms of bullying-related stress among academics in higher education institutions. Upon reviewing previous literature on educator bullying, three prevalent forms are identified: workplace bullying, cyberbullying, and teacher-targeted bullying. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were conducted to evaluate factorial structures based on a total of 210 survey responses. This study categorises seven dimensions of ETB: student direct bullying, devaluation bullying, indirect private bullying, pictorial cyberbullying, task bullying, relational cyberbullying, and student physical bullying. Consequently, the factors significantly influence the operational definitions of educator bullying.

Date: 2025
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:rnd:arimbr:v:17:y:2025:i:3:p:216-224

DOI: 10.22610/imbr.v17i3(I)S.4729

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