Mwalimu and Marx in Contestation: Dialogue or Diatribe?

Issa G. Shivji

Agrarian South: Journal of Political Economy, 2017, vol. 6, issue 2, 188-220

Abstract: The October Russian Revolution of 1917 inaugurated the era of social transformation challenging the dominance of global capitalism. 1 It set in motion two lineages, one tracing its ancestry directly to October and its Marxist leader Vladimir Ilyich Lenin. Among these must be included the Chinese revolution of 1949, the Vietnamese revolution of 1945, and the Cuban revolution of 1959. The second lineage is that of national liberation movements in the former colonized countries of Africa and Asia. Tanzania’s independence movement Tanganyika African National Union (TANU) under the leadership of Julius Nyerere was one such national-popular movement that questioned both capitalism and imperialism with its blueprint called the Arusha Declaration: policy of socialism and self-reliance proclaimed in 1967. This essay focuses on Nyerere’s philosophical and political outlook and his contentious relationship with Marxism. It also documents the intellectual history of Marxist ideas in Tanzania.

Keywords: National liberation struggles; Julius Nyerere; Ujamaa; Arusha Declaration; Marxism in Tanzania (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2017
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:sae:agspub:v:6:y:2017:i:2:p:188-220

DOI: 10.1177/2277976017731844

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