‘Made in China 2025’: Poised for Success?

Nitin Agarwala and Rana Divyank Chaudhary
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Nitin Agarwala: Nitin Agarwala, a Serving Naval Officer, has experienced various facets of a warship as a user, designer, inspector, maintainer, policymaker, teacher and researcher. He has authored over 80 articles, papers, book chapters and two books entitled Deep Seabed Mining in the Indian Ocean: Economic and Strategic Dimensions and Rise of China as a World Leader in Commercial Shipbuilding. His research interests include corrosion, shipbuilding, deep seabed natural resource, submarine cables, blue economy, artificial intelligence, climate change and ‘maritime technological issues’ with their linkages to international relations and public policy.
Rana Divyank Chaudhary: Rana Divyank Chaudhary has been a Researcher with a number of New Delhi-based security and foreign policy think tanks. He was a senior visiting scholar at the School of International and Public Affairs, Jilin University (China), and he has completed the prestigious training programs in Chinese politics, society, and culture at the Beijing International Chinese College (2014) and in Chinese economics at the Central University of Finance and Economics, Beijing (2017). He has authored over 30 articles, papers, and book chapters, a book entitled Rise of China as a World Leader in Commercial Shipbuilding and given presentations at international conferences held at research institutions and universities in India, China and Singapore.

India Quarterly: A Journal of International Affairs, 2021, vol. 77, issue 3, 424-461

Abstract: In the last 70 years, due to reforms and policies, China has moved from an agrarian economy to being a manufacturing superpower. However, this has been possible due to technology transfers into China with the core technologies remaining with the West in the name of competitiveness and national security. To achieve true technological independence and self-reliance, China proposed the ‘Made in China 2025’ policy in 2015 which has since been opposed vehemently by the West. This notwithstanding, China has continued its effort of self-reliance. Hence, it is essential to evaluate if these efforts are bearing the required results. Using qualitative research, the authors look at the factors leading China to adopt ‘Made in China 2025’ and the opposition faced by it through tariff and non-tariff measures. Various supporting policies of Made in China 2025 (MIC25) and the advancements made have been examined. The article thus aims to address the ethos of initiating MIC25, the difficulties China is facing in realising its dreams due to restrictions by the US and its allies and how China is making an all-out effort to make it a success. The primary question that the article aims to answer is whether the efforts of China towards MIC25 are poised for success and how it will affect the developed nations.

Keywords: Made in China; China manufacturing; indigenous innovation; core technology; transforming; upgrading; manufacturing industry; advanced manufacturing; Industry 4.0 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:sae:indqtr:v:77:y:2021:i:3:p:424-461

DOI: 10.1177/09749284211027250

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