Is Altruism Bad for Cooperation?

Sung-Ha Hwang and Samuel Bowles ()
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Samuel Bowles: Santa Fe Institute, U.S.A. and Dipartimento di Economia Politica, Univerity of Siena, Italy

No 1114, Working Papers from Nam Duck-Woo Economic Research Institute, Sogang University (Former Research Institute for Market Economy)

Abstract: Some philosophers and social scientists have stressed the importance for good government of an altruistic citizenry that values the well being of fellow citizens. Economists, however, have emphasized the need for incentives that induce even the self-interested to contribute to the public good. Implicitly most have assumed that these two approaches are complementary or at worst additive. But this need not be the case. Behavioral experiments ?nd that if reciprocity-minded subjects feel hostility towards free riders and enjoy in?icting harm on them, the incentives provided by the anticipated punishment support near e¡Ë cient levels of contributions to a public good. Cooperation may also be supported if altruistic individuals internalize the group bene?ts that their contributions produce. But the e¢´ects of these two supports for high levels of cooperation may be less than additive. Using a utility function embodying both reciprocity and altruism we show that unconditional altruism attenuates the punishment motive and thus may reduce the level of punishment in?icted on defectors, resulting in lower levels of contribution. Increases in altruism may also reduce the level of bene?ts from the public project net of contribution costs and punishment costs. The range over which altruism inhibits cooperation and reduces material payo¢´s is greater, the stronger is the reciprocity motive among group members.

Keywords: public goods; altruism; spite; reciprocity; punishment; cooperation (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: D03 D64 H41 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Pages: 25 pages
Date: 2011-09
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https://tinyurl.com/yk92pd8k First version, 2011 (application/pdf)

Related works:
Journal Article: Is altruism bad for cooperation? (2012)
Working Paper: Is altruism bad for cooperation? (2008)
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:sgo:wpaper:1114

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