Applications of artificial intelligence and the challenges in health technology assessment: a scoping review and framework with a focus on economic dimensions

Maryam Ramezani, Ahad Bakhtiari, Rajabali Daroudi, Mohammadreza Mobinizadeh, Ali Akbar Fazaeli, Alireza Olyaeemanesh, Hamid R. Rabiee, Maryam Ramezani, Hakimeh Mostafavi, Saharnaz Sazgarnejad, Sanaz Bordbar and Amirhossein Takian ()
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Maryam Ramezani: Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS)
Ahad Bakhtiari: Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS)
Rajabali Daroudi: Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS)
Mohammadreza Mobinizadeh: National Institute for Health Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS)
Ali Akbar Fazaeli: Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS)
Alireza Olyaeemanesh: National Institute for Health Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS)
Hamid R. Rabiee: Sharif University of Technology
Maryam Ramezani: Sharif University of Technology
Hakimeh Mostafavi: Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS)
Saharnaz Sazgarnejad: Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS)
Sanaz Bordbar: Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS)
Amirhossein Takian: Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS)

Health Economics Review, 2025, vol. 15, issue 1, 1-11

Abstract: Abstract Background Health Technology Assessment (HTA) is a crucial tool for evaluating the worth and roles of health technologies, and providing evidence-based guidance for their adoption and use. Artificial intelligence (AI) can enhance HTA processes by improving data collection, analysis, and decision-making. This study aims to explore the opportunities and challenges of utilizing artificial intelligence (AI) in health technology assessment (HTA), with a specific focus on economic dimensions. By leveraging AI’s capabilities, this research examines how innovative tools and methods can optimize economic evaluation frameworks and enhance decision-making processes within the HTA context. Methods This study adopted Arksey and O’Malley’s scoping review framework and conducted a systematic search in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases. It examined the benefits and challenges of AI integration into HTA, with a focus on economic dimensions. Findings AI significantly enhances HTA outcomes by driving methodological advancements, improving utility, and fostering healthcare innovation. It enables comprehensive assessments through robust data systems and databases. However, ethical considerations such as biases, transparency, and accountability emphasize the need for deliberate planning and policymaking to ensure responsible integration within the HTA framework. Conclusion AI applications in HTA have significant potential to enhance health outcomes and decision-making processes. However, the development of robust data management strategies and regulatory frameworks is essential to ensure effective and ethical implementation. Future research should prioritize the establishment of comprehensive frameworks for AI integration, fostering collaboration among stakeholders, and improving data quality and accessibility on an ongoing basis.

Keywords: Artificial intelligence; Health technology assessment; Applications; Economic evaluation; Policy-making (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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DOI: 10.1186/s13561-025-00645-4

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