Trends in tobacco consumption in India 1987–2016: impact of the World Health Organization Framework Convention on Tobacco Control

Rizwan Suliankatchi Abdulkader (), Dhirendra N. Sinha (), Kathiresan Jeyashree (), Ramashankar Rath (), Prakash C. Gupta (), Senthamarai Kannan (), Naveen Agarwal () and Deneshkumar Venugopal ()
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Rizwan Suliankatchi Abdulkader: Manonmaniam Sundaranar University
Dhirendra N. Sinha: WHO FCTC Global Knowledge Hub on Smokeless Tobacco
Kathiresan Jeyashree: Velammal Medical College Hospital and Research Institute
Ramashankar Rath: All India Institute of Medical Sciences
Prakash C. Gupta: Healis Sekhsaria Institute for Public Health
Senthamarai Kannan: Manonmaniam Sundaranar University
Naveen Agarwal: South East Asia Regional Office of the World Health Organization
Deneshkumar Venugopal: Manonmaniam Sundaranar University

International Journal of Public Health, 2019, vol. 64, issue 6, No 4, 851 pages

Abstract: Abstract Objectives We describe national and subnational trends in tobacco use over three decades in India, assess the impact of the World Health Organization’s Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC) on them and draw inferences for regional tobacco control policy. Methods Data from nine cross-sectional surveys conducted between 1987 and 2016 were analysed. Time trends in gender- and state-wise prevalence were derived for different forms of tobacco. To assess Framework Convention’s impact, relative changes in tobacco prevalence before and after its implementation were estimated. Progress towards global noncommunicable diseases target was also measured. Results Post-implementation of the FCTC, smoking and smokeless tobacco use declined by 52.9% and 17.6%, respectively. The tobacco product mix (exclusive smokeless/exclusive smoked/dual) underwent a reversal from 37:52:11 in 1987 to 65:22:13 in 2016. Having achieved 20.5% relative reduction since 2009, India is en route to achieving the global noncommunicable diseases target. Conclusions Steep declines in tobacco use have followed the implementation of FCTC in India. However, the impact has been unequal on smokeless and smoked forms. Tobacco-control policies in high smokeless burden countries should take cognizance of this pattern and design comprehensive and flexible policies.

Keywords: Framework Convention on Tobacco Control; Smokeless tobacco; Tobacco smoking; Trends; Tobacco control; India (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2019
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DOI: 10.1007/s00038-019-01252-x

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