Divergent trends in life expectancy across the rural–urban gradient and association with specific racial proportions in the contiguous USA 2000–2005

Yun Jian, Lucas Neas, Lynne C. Messer, Christine L. Gray, Jyotsna S. Jagai, Kristen M. Rappazzo and Danelle T. Lobdell ()
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Yun Jian: University of Alabama at Birmingham
Lucas Neas: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA)
Lynne C. Messer: Portland State University
Christine L. Gray: Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education at the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Jyotsna S. Jagai: University of Illinois, Chicago
Kristen M. Rappazzo: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA)
Danelle T. Lobdell: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA)

International Journal of Public Health, 2019, vol. 64, issue 9, No 16, 1367-1374

Abstract: Abstract Objectives To estimate county-level adult life expectancy for Whites, Black/African Americans (Black), American Indian/Alaska Native (AIAN) and Asian/Pacific Islander (Asian) populations and assess the difference across racial groups in the relationship among life expectancy, rurality and specific race proportion. Methods We used individual-level death data to estimate county-level life expectancy at age 25 (e25) for Whites, Black, AIAN and Asian in the contiguous USA for 2000–2005. Race–sex-stratified models were used to examine the associations among e25, rurality and specific race proportion, adjusted for socioeconomic variables. Results Lower e25 was found in the central USA for AIANs and in the west coast for Asians. We found higher e25 in the most rural areas for Whites but in the most urban areas for AIAN and Asians. The associations between specific race proportion and e25 were positive or null for Whites but were negative for Blacks, AIAN, and Asians. The relationship between specific race proportion and e25 varied across rurality. Conclusions Identifying differences in adult life expectancy, both across and within racial groups, provides new insights into the geographic determinants of life expectancy disparities.

Keywords: Life expectancy at age 25; Rurality; American Indian/Alaska Native population; Asian/Pacific Islander population; Specific race proportion; Contiguous USA (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2019
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DOI: 10.1007/s00038-019-01274-5

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