Efficient design and mathematical analysis of perturbed semi-circular patch antenna

Ribhu Abhusan Panda () and Debasis Mishra ()
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Ribhu Abhusan Panda: GIET University
Debasis Mishra: Veer Surendra Sai University of Technology

International Journal of System Assurance Engineering and Management, 2025, vol. 16, issue 1, No 9, 128-135

Abstract: Abstract In this article the design and theory of an efficient microstrip antenna by just joining two convectional semicircular patches in such a way that the curved arcs touch each other, centers and joint point lie on same line, so a unique butterfly shape is formed. The joint point is connected to a simple feed. The antenna includes a substrate of FR 4 epoxy material of dielectric constant $${\varepsilon }_{r}$$ ε r =4.4. The radius of the semi-circular halves has been optimized by optimization tool in HFSS software. The return loss observed becomes − 39.56 dB at 25.4 GHz. The bandwidth that can be produced is 2 GHz, Antenna structure is of dimension 50 mm × 50 mm × 1.6 mm and the operational frequency that is set 25 GHz which is used for 5G communication. All the essential parameters for antenna design e.g., directivity, S- parameter, gain, VSWR are determined by both simulation and measurement. The authenticity of results is verified by mathematical analysis.

Keywords: Semi-circular patches; Bessel’s function; S-parameter; 5G communication; Antenna gain (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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DOI: 10.1007/s13198-024-02664-6

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