Low-Dose Nonlinear Effects of Smoking on Coronary Heart Disease Risk

Louis Anthony Cox
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Louis Anthony Cox: Cox Associates

Chapter Chapter 12 in Improving Risk Analysis, 2012, pp 337-351 from Springer

Abstract: Abstract An emerging working hypothesis for some toxicologists and risk assessors is that many – perhaps most – biological dose–response relations exhibit J-shaped or U-shaped regions at low doses. That is, probability of harm (or, more generally, of exposure-related departures of variables from their “normal” levels) decreases with increasing dose at sufficiently small exposure levels, even if it increases with increasing doses at higher exposure levels. When this pattern holds, responses to low levels of exposures cannot necessarily be extrapolated from observed dose–response relations at higher doses.

Keywords: Environmental Tobacco Smoke; Response Relation; Coffee Consumption; Environmental Tobacco Smoke Exposure; High Exposure Level (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2012
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DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4614-6058-9_12

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