Time-Correlated Macroscopic Quantum Tunneling of Solitons in Density Waves and Long Josephson Junctions

John H. Miller
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John H. Miller: University of Houston, Department of Physics and Texas Center for Superconductivity

A chapter in Macroscopic Quantum Coherence and Quantum Computing, 2001, pp 381-388 from Springer

Abstract: Abstract A number of many-body systems, including charge and spin density waves, Wigner crystals, etc., exhibit a sharp threshold electric field for inducing nonlinear transport, without showing the requisite polarization below threshold that one would expect classically. Similarly, many Josephson junctions, especially in the cuprates, have I c R n products up to three orders of magnitude lower than predicted by the Ambegaokar-Baratov formula. These observations suggest that the observed critical field or current is a pair creation threshold for nucleating soliton-antisoliton pairs — essentially a macroscopic Coulomb blockade effect. This paper discusses the analogy to time-correlated single electron tunneling and introduces the concept of a quantum dynamical phase transition.

Keywords: quantum tunneling; soliton; density wave; Josephson junction (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2001
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DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4615-1245-5_38

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