Contact Vaccination Study Using Edge Based Compartmental Model (EBCM) and Stochastic Simulation: An Application to Oral Poliovirus Vaccine (OPV)

Coura Balde (), Mountaga Lam () and Samuel Bowong ()
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Coura Balde: Cheikh Anta Diop University, Department of Mathematics and Computer Sciences, Faculty of Sciences and Technology
Mountaga Lam: Cheikh Anta Diop University, Department of Mathematics and Computer Sciences, Faculty of Sciences and Technology
Samuel Bowong: University of Douala, Faculty of Science

A chapter in Trends in Biomathematics: Modeling Cells, Flows, Epidemics, and the Environment, 2020, pp 81-96 from Springer

Abstract: Abstract Contact immunity is a property of vaccines that contain live attenuated viruses where vaccinated individuals can confer their immunity to their unimmunized contacts. Oral Poliovirus Vaccine (OPV) can induce contact immunity. The aim of this paper is to get insight what properties of networks favor contact immunity in a heterogeneous network of contacts between individuals where transmission of Polio disease occurs. With the framework of Edge Based Compartmental Model (EBCM) and Stochastic Simulation we study contact immunity in three types of random networks: Erdős–Rényi, Barabàsi–Albert, and a geometric graph. We show that high heterogeneity of the degree distribution favors contact immunity. Further we show that there exists a critical vaccination rate above which transmission of Polio disease dies out from each network. Moreover high heterogeneity increases the threshold. We also show that when an epidemic of Polio disease occurs there exists a threshold of initial vaccinated individuals above which more individuals are reached by contact immunity such that vaccinated individuals become dominant. This demonstrates the consequences of network assumptions on predictions of the usefulness of oral poliovirus vaccine.

Date: 2020
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:spr:sprchp:978-3-030-46306-9_6

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DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-46306-9_6

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