Peru: Inequality and Inca Technology

Roger D. Norton ()
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Roger D. Norton: Texas A&M University

Chapter Chapter 6 in Structural Inequality, 2022, pp 169-218 from Springer

Abstract: Abstract Peru was in an economic crisis with inflation spiraling to 1000 percent. A deep historical inequality between the highlands and coast was a factor in a war with guerrillas of the murderous Sendero Luminoso. Incomes in coastal cities were three times those in the Andes. Debates raged over the problem. Some thought Inca agricultural technology was the answer. Others favored a contemporary approach, new crop varieties. Puno, high in the mountains, is one of the poorest areas in Peru. Puneños from the University of the Altiplano and elsewhere joined our search for answers along the shore of Lake Titicaca and high above the lake, in interviews with campesino communities, alpaca herders, members of a failed agrarian reform cooperative, and others.

Keywords: Valley of Mantaro; Hyperinflation; Sendero Luminoso; Regional inequality; Colonial rule; Childhood stunting; Multiple exchange rates; Inca agricultural technology; Crop varieties; Túpac Amaru; Puno; Lake Titicaca; Llamas; Inca mathematics; Inca terraces; Uros; Reed islands; Diving; Cattle; Cuy; Aymara women; Andean sheep; Farmer risk aversion; Bofedal; Irrigation; Participatory; Irrigation design; Women’s empowerment; Campesino communities; Land invasions; Agrarian cooperatives; Landholding; Concentration; Colonial estates; Sendero Luminoso; Energy saving agriculture; Camellones; Qochas; Opportunity cost of labor; Energy efficient; Agriculture; Energy efficient stables; Potato varieties; Energy saving agriculture; Camellones; Qochas; Opportunity cost of labor; Energy efficient; Agriculture; Energy efficient stables; Potato varieties; Potatoes; Potato diversity; Potato antioxidants; Potato storage; Chuño; Tunta; Quinoa; Amaranth; Cañihua; Festival of Youth; Festival of Spring; Village band; University of the Altiplano; Livestock cooperative; Puno cattle; Land reform; Land rights; Mariátegui; Atahualpa; Yupanqui; Alpacas; Alpaca herders; Shepherds; Llamas; Vicuña; Education; Rustic loom; Value added; Herd reproduction; Alfalfa; Cheese production; Quality control; Alpacas; Remoteness; Inca infrastructure; Forced labor; Seed system; IFAD; Highland women; Participatory; Extension; Social capital; Farmer networks; Farmer innovations; Connectivity; Agricultural export promotion; Cheese production; Value chains; Agricultural marketing; Rural roads; Regional inequality; Internet connection; Appropriate technology; Climate change (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:spr:sprchp:978-3-031-08633-5_6

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DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-08633-5_6

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