Conclusion

Sangaralingam Ramesh ()
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Sangaralingam Ramesh: University of Oxford and University College London

Chapter Chapter 11 in The Political Economy of Indonesia’s Economic Development, Volume I, 2025, pp 395-411 from Springer

Abstract: Abstract This chapter reviews Indonesia’s development trajectory from the presidency of Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono through the administration of Joko Widodo. It analyses democratic consolidation, middle-income growth, and efforts to improve infrastructure, health, and education. The chapter also addresses persistent challenges: inequality, corruption, environmental degradation, and over-reliance on commodity exports. Jokowi’s developmentalist agenda, including infrastructure megaprojects and social spending, is discussed alongside concerns over democratic backsliding and elite dominance. The chapter concludes by assessing Indonesia’s prospects for inclusive, sustainable development amid global uncertainty and domestic political shifts.

Date: 2025
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:spr:sprchp:978-3-031-94350-8_11

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DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-94350-8_11

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