Hydrogen for Steel Production

Aliaksei Patonia () and Rahmatallah Poudineh ()
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Aliaksei Patonia: The Oxford Institute for Energy Studies
Rahmatallah Poudineh: The Oxford Institute for Energy Studies

Chapter Chapter 10 in Clean Hydrogen for Decarbonisation, 2026, pp 245-273 from Springer

Abstract: Abstract The global steel industry, responsible for 7–9% of anthropogenic CO₂ emissions, faces immense pressure to decarbonise. This chapter explores the potential of clean hydrogen as a key pathway to decarbonise primary steel production, with a focus on hydrogen-based direct reduced iron (DRI) processes combined with electric arc furnaces. It analyses the technological maturity, economic viability, and extensive infrastructure requirements of this pathway, contrasting it with transitional options like natural gas-based DRI with carbon capture and storage (CCS). The chapter further explores the critical policy, regulatory, and certification frameworks needed to support the transition. While hydrogen holds unmatched long-term potential for near-zero emissions steelmaking, the analysis concludes that its widespread adoption is a post-2040 prospect, contingent on plummeting renewable energy costs, robust infrastructure development, and sustained policy support, necessitating a diversified and pragmatic decarbonisation strategy until then.

Keywords: Hydrogen-based DRI; Electric arc furnace (EAF); Green steel; Carbon capture and storage (CCS); Industrial decarbonisation; Steel sector transformation (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2026
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:spr:sprchp:978-3-032-19442-8_10

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DOI: 10.1007/978-3-032-19442-8_10

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