Newtonian Gravitation

Antonio Romano () and Mario Mango Furnari ()
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Antonio Romano: Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Dipartimento di Matematica e Applicazioni “Renato Caccioppoli”
Mario Mango Furnari: Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Cibernetica

Chapter 6 in The Physical and Mathematical Foundations of the Theory of Relativity, 2026, pp 195-239 from Springer

Abstract: Abstract In this chapter some aspects of Newtonian gravitational theory are recalled. This theory initially postulates that the gravitational force between two mass points is an action-at-distance. Subsequently, the gravitational force is extended to the case in which matter is continuously distributed in a bounded region of space. This theory, which still satisfies the Galilean principle of relativity, has been widely developed and its forecasts experimentally confirmed. The Newtonian theory of gravitation can also be extended to the case of self-gravitating continuous bodies. This extension allows one to determine the equilibrium form of a planet or a star, as well as to describe the gravitational collapse of a gaseous star. Further, the (weak) principle of equivalence is formulated and tidal forces are analyzed.

Date: 2026
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DOI: 10.1007/978-3-032-23179-6_6

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