A Model of Car-Following Behavior at Sags

Bernat Goñi Ros (), Victor L. Knoop (), Wouter J. Schakel (), Bart van Arem () and Serge P. Hoogendoorn ()
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Bernat Goñi Ros: Department of Transport and Planning Delft University of Technology, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geosciences
Victor L. Knoop: Department of Transport and Planning Delft University of Technology, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geosciences
Wouter J. Schakel: Department of Transport and Planning Delft University of Technology, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geosciences
Bart van Arem: Department of Transport and Planning Delft University of Technology, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geosciences
Serge P. Hoogendoorn: Department of Transport and Planning Delft University of Technology, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geosciences

A chapter in Traffic and Granular Flow '13, 2015, pp 385-393 from Springer

Abstract: Abstract Sags are bottlenecks in freeway networks. The main reason is that the increase in slope has a negative effect on vehicle acceleration, which results in local changes in car-following behavior that reduce traffic flow capacity. Existing car-following models are not able to reproduce the acceleration behavior of drivers at sags and the resulting traffic flow dynamics in a sufficiently realistic way. This paper presents a new car-following model that aims to fill that gap. The model assumes that drivers have a limited ability to compensate for the negative effect that an increase in gradient has on vehicle acceleration. Compensation is assumed to be linear over time; the maximum compensation rate is defined as a parameter. The paper presents the results of a case study using the proposed car-following model. The study site is a particular sag in Japan. Similar traffic flow patterns are observed in simulation and in empirical data from that site. In particular, the model generates a bottleneck caused by the increase in freeway slope, reproducing its location very accurately.

Date: 2015
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DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-10629-8_44

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