 Exploring What an Organization IsKazuhito Isomura ()
Chapter Chapter 7 in Chester I. Barnard: Innovator of Organization Theory, 2023, pp 95-107 from Springer Abstract: Abstract This chapter aims to trace how Barnard created his concepts of organization as he developed his career at AT&T from general staff to top manager. It examines published papers and unpublished manuscripts in which Barnard presented his views on the organization. When Barnard worked as general staff in the headquarters, he understood an organization as a mechanical structure from the viewpoint of the macro perspective. In contrast, when he became president of New Jersey Bell Telephone Company, he focused on dynamic aspects of the organization; he saw an organization as a system of human interactions from the viewpoint of the micro perspective. Barnard then started to prepare for the Lowell lectures and The Functions of the Executive. Henderson’s reviews contributed to refine and develop Barnard’s conceptual scheme for the theory of organization. As a result, Barnard systematically built his concepts of organization from the cooperative system to formal and informal organizations, to unit and complex formal organizations. Keywords: Systematic arrangement of human forces; Human interaction; Purpose; Cooperative system; Formal and informal organizations; Unit and complex formal organizations (search for similar items in EconPapers) There are no downloads for this item, see the EconPapers FAQ for hints about obtaining it. Related works: Export reference: BibTeX RIS (EndNote, ProCite, RefMan) HTML/Text Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:spr:sprchp:978-981-99-7039-1_7 Ordering information: This item can be ordered from DOI: 10.1007/978-981-99-7039-1_7 Access Statistics for this chapter More chapters in Springer Books from Springer |
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