Why do indigenous municipalities in Mexico have worse piped water coverage?

Marcela González Rivas

Development in Practice, 2012, vol. 22, issue 1, 31-43

Abstract: Access to piped water is highly unequal in Mexico, and indigenous municipalities are particularly disadvantaged. The present article identifies the different factors that contribute to the unequal access to piped water across Mexican municipalities for the period 2000–2005, using regression analyses. The findings show that indigenous populations experience lower piped water coverage than non-indigenous populations, even when one accounts for population density (the main explanation that the government provides for indigenous populations' lack of progress) and other relevant factors. The present findings also show that one of the reasons for this lack of progress is that indigenous municipalities receive fewer per capita transfers from the central government non-indigenous municipalities, all else being equal.Pourquoi les communautés autochtones du Mexique jouissent-elles d'une couverture inférieure en eau courante ?L'accès à l'eau courante est extrêmement inégal au Mexique, et les municipalités autochtones sont tout particulièrement défavorisées. Le présent article met en évidence les différents facteurs qui contribuent à l'accès inégal à l'eau courante parmi les municipalités mexicaines pour la période 2000–2005, en utilisant des analyses de régression. Les conclusions indiquent que les populations autochtones bénéficient d'une couverture inférieure en eau courante, même si l'on tient compte de la densité démographique (laquelle est la principale raison donnée par le gouvernement pour expliquer le manque de progrès des populations autochtones) et d'autres facteurs pertinents. Les présentes conclusions montrent par ailleurs que l'une des raisons de ce manque de progrès est que, toutes choses égales par ailleurs, les communautés autochtones reçoivent moins de transferts par habitant de la part du gouvernement central.Por que municipalidades indígenas no México tiveram uma piora na abrangência da oferta de água encanada?O acesso a água encanada é altamente desigual no México e as municipalidades indígenas estão particularmente em desvantagem. Este artigo identifica os diferentes fatores que contribuem para o acesso desigual a água encanada entre os municípios mexicanos para o período de 2000–2005, utilizando análises de regressão. Os resultados mostram que as populações indígenas enfrentam uma menor abrangência da oferta de água encanada, mesmo quando levamos em conta a densidade populacional (principal explicação que o governo oferece para a falta de progresso das populações indígenas) e outros fatores relevantes. Estes resultados também mostram que uma das razões para esta falta de progresso é que as municipalidades indígenas recebem menos transferências per capita do governo central, tudo o mais mantendo-se igual.¿Por qué los municipios indígenas de México tienen menos acceso al agua entubada?El agua entubada tiene una cobertura muy desigual en México, siendo los municipios indígenas los más desfavorecidos. Este ensayo identifica tres factores que contribuyen al desigual acceso a agua entubada en los municipios de México durante el periodo de 2000 a 2005 empleando análisis de regresión. Las conclusiones muestran que el acceso a agua entubada es menor en las comunidades indígenas, aun tomando en cuenta la densidad poblacional (el principal factor para el gobierno tras “la falta de progreso” de la población indígena) y otras circunstancias. El ensayo concluye que una razón de la falta de progreso es que los municipios indígenas reciben menos fondos per cápita del gobierno central aun habiendo igualdad de condiciones.

Date: 2012
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DOI: 10.1080/09614524.2012.630983

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