An assessment of the current physiological needs satisfaction potentially influencing tourism growth in the nine provinces of South Africa

Walter Wessels

Community Development, 2026, vol. 57, issue 5, 748-768

Abstract: With more than 1.46 million people employed, the South African tourism industry is a significant contributor to the national economy. Due to its labor-intensive nature, the sector relies heavily on a motivated workforce. Human motivation is fundamentally driven by the satisfaction of physiological needs, which are essential for meaningful participation and sustained industry growth. This study provides insight into the current state of physiological need satisfaction among South African residents, highlighting how unmet basic needs may constrain tourism development. Using secondary data from the 2023 South African General Household Survey, four variables relating to physiological needs across South Africa’s nine provinces were analyzed. Findings indicate that while access to water, sanitation, and healthcare is partially achieved in some regions, significant disparities persist across provinces. These results highlight the necessity for targeted strategies and offer recommendations to tourism industry role players to enhance workforce motivation and support sustainable sector growth.

Date: 2026
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DOI: 10.1080/15575330.2026.2622009

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