Policy frameworks for green innovation in maritime trade and sustainable development

José Noronha Rodrigues, Sumanta Bhattacharya, Bhavneet Kaur Sachdev and Dora Cristina Ribeiro Cabete

Maritime Policy & Management, 2026, vol. 53, issue 5, 911-937

Abstract: The import/export industry is vital to global trade and economies, but maritime business contributes to environmental issues like carbon emissions, marine pollution, and resource consumption. With growing pressure to minimize these impacts, green technologies and sustainable practices in shipping have become crucial. This paper discusses green innovation in the maritime sector, emphasizing the need for strict regulatory standards. It examines low-carbon fuels, energy-efficient systems, intelligent transport, and autonomous ships for their role in reducing emissions and improving efficiency. Additionally, it explores measures such as cross-border coordination, policy clarity, and incentives to promote green technologies. Challenges include high acquisition costs, design inconsistencies, and technological constraints. However, increased research, infrastructure investment, and international rule harmonization can mitigate these barriers. Key stakeholders, including global and national organizations, play a role in shaping environmental standards for oil tankers. The future of sustainable maritime trade depends on governments, businesses, and technology providers advancing eco-friendly and efficient shipping. This study calls for exploring relevant theories and formulating effective policies to support maritime trade’s sustainable growth.

Date: 2026
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DOI: 10.1080/03088839.2025.2524534

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