Skipping class: improving human-driven data exploration and querying through instances

Arash Saghafi, Yair Wand and Jeffrey Parsons

European Journal of Information Systems, 2022, vol. 31, issue 4, 463-491

Abstract: With the growing focus on business analytics and data-driven decision-making, there is a greater need for humans to interact effectively with data. We propose that presenting data to human users in terms of instances and attributes provides a more flexible and usable structure for querying, exploring, and analysing data. Compared to a traditional representation, an instance-based representation does not impose any predefined classification schema over the data when it is presented to users. This paper examines the potential utility of instance-based data through two laboratory experiments – the first focusing on exploration of data for pattern discovery (open-ended tasks) and the second on retrieval of information (closed-ended tasks). In both cases, participants were able to achieve better results in tasks using instance-based data than using class-based representations. Given the growing need for self-service analytics, as well as using information for purposes not anticipated when it was collected, we show that instance-based representations can be an effective way to satisfy the emerging needs of information users.

Date: 2022
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DOI: 10.1080/0960085X.2020.1869507

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