Credibility Theory for Variance Premium Principle

Yaodi Yong, Pingping Zeng and Yiying Zhang

North American Actuarial Journal, 2025, vol. 29, issue 1, 11-43

Abstract: The method of credibility theory plays a critical role in various research areas of actuarial science. Among others, the hypothetical mean and process variance are two quantities that convey crucial information to insurance companies when determining premiums for the insureds. The classical credibility model charges premiums by applying a linear combination of the mean of past claims and the population mean, and the corresponding estimator is proved to be the best estimator of the hypothetical mean under the mean squared loss criterion. Enlightened by the prestigious variance premium principle, we propose a credibility approach to estimate the linear combination of hypothetical mean and process variance under the quadratic loss function. Our proposed estimator consists of the linear form of observations and their quadratic terms, as well as some quantities representing population information. Meanwhile, a spin-off result is found and utilized to compare with the classical credibility model and the q-credibility model. The nonparametric estimators of structural quantities are also provided for ease of practical usage. Several numerical illustrations are carried out to demonstrate the performance of the estimator. A real dataset from a Swiss insurance company is also analyzed for the practical application of our results, where a data-driven procedure is proposed for determining the safety loading.

Date: 2025
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DOI: 10.1080/10920277.2023.2299497

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