The impact of public transport accessibility on the Polish labour market – an econometric approach

Grzegorz Pakier () and Kateryna Zabarina ()
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Grzegorz Pakier: University of Warsaw, Faculty of Economic Sciences
Kateryna Zabarina: University of Warsaw, Faculty of Economic Sciences

No 2026-24, Working Papers from Faculty of Economic Sciences, University of Warsaw

Abstract: This paper uses geographically weighted regression to examine the impact of transport accessibility on the registered unemployment rate. It utilises a transport accessibility index that was previously developed for municipalities in Poland. Analysis of three econometric models revealed that transport accessibility has a significant negative impact on the unemployment rate, which varies across the regions studied. The model using the average transport accessibility of municipalities within a given county showed a stronger relationship with the unemployment rate. This suggests that accessibility at the county level is more important than local accessibility. Furthermore, it was found that the type of municipality had no impact on the strength or direction of the examined relationship. The research confirms that public transport availability significantly influences unemployment levels in Poland, with considerable spatial variation in this relationship. The results emphasise the importance of considering the regional context of transport accessibility when devising anti-unemployment policies.

Keywords: transport accessibility; unemployment rate; geographically weighted regression; transport exclusion; spatial mismatch (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: C21 O18 R40 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Pages: 40 pages
Date: 2026
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:war:wpaper:2026-24

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