Protectionism, Evasion and Household Welfare: Evidence from Nigeria’s Import Bans

Erhan Artuc, Guillermo Enrique Falcone, Guido Porto and Bob Rijkers

No 11195, Policy Research Working Paper Series from The World Bank

Abstract: This paper analyzes the welfare impacts of import bans in Nigeria and how these impacts are shaped by evasion. Bans were not effectively enforced, thus fostering informal trade. The imposition of bans nonetheless increased consumer prices by 9.9 percent on average. However, price increases were substantially attenuated for goods for which trade policy is harder to enforce. Import bans disproportionately hurt richer households, who likewise disproportionately benefit from evasion.

Date: 2025-09-02
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