Western hemispheric trade agreements and sustainability: Lesson from butterflies, hummingbirds, and salty anchovies

Miller Van V., Charles T. Crespy, Kurt H. Loess and José A. Renau
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Miller Van V.: Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI, USA, Postal: Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI, USA
Charles T. Crespy: Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI, USA, Postal: Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI, USA
Kurt H. Loess: East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN, USA, Postal: East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN, USA
José A. Renau: Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI, USA, Postal: Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI, USA

Sustainable Development, 2010, vol. 18, issue 4, 220-228

Abstract: The relationship between international commerce and sustainable development is the subject of much controversy that is exacerbated by geographic boundaries that are co-jointly developed, shaped, and sustained by regional trade agreements. The outcomes of three Americas trade agreements - NAFTA, CAFTA, and USPTPA - are analyzed across three dimensions: economic, ecological, and labor. The three dimensions collectively form for each trade region a specific ECOL niche that is concurrently subject to national variation. We propose and find that low-ECOL niches in the Americas appear to attract more foreign trade with investment. Nevertheless, this tentative finding seems not to hold for those corporations that seek out strong ECOL niche countries like Costa Rica. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.

Date: 2010
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:wly:sustdv:v:18:y:2010:i:4:p:220-228

DOI: 10.1002/sd.491

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