Who is afraid of AI? Who should be?

Erik Engberg, Holger Görg, Mark Hellsten, Farrukh Javed, Magnus Lodefalk, Martin Längkvist, Natália Pimenta Monteiro, Hildegunn Kyvik Nordås, Giuseppe Pulito, Sarah Schroeder and Aili Tang

No 198, Kiel Policy Briefs from Kiel Institute for the World Economy

Abstract: • Occupations that are highly cognitive, non-physical, and low in social interaction - typically higher-skill white-collar roles such as data analysts, software developers, and translators - turn out to be highly AI-exposed • Occupations requiring manual dexterity or intensive interpersonal contact - such as construction labourers or nursing aides - remain among the least exposed to current AI technologies • Aggregate occupational exposure to AI has risen markedly since 2010, with especially rapid gains in the late 2010s and early 2020s • Our baseline estimates show no detectable effect of AI exposure on total firm employment, while it is associated with clear skill upgrading

Keywords: Artificial intelligence; Labour demand; Multi-country firm-level evidence; Künstliche Intelligenz; Arbeitskräftenachfrage; Daten auf Unternehmensebene aus mehreren Ländern (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: E24 J23 J24 N34 O33 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2026
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:zbw:ifwkpb:336753

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