The political fallout of European migration policy in Libya: Consolidating the detention system, empowering warlords and provoking backlash from the Libyan public

Wolfram Lacher

No 41/2025, SWP Comments from Stiftung Wissenschaft und Politik (SWP), German Institute for International and Security Affairs

Abstract: The European Commission, Italy, and Greece are seeking to curb irregular migration through Libya. These efforts come at a time when several aspects of European Union (EU) migration policy in Libya must be acknowledged as having failed. This is particularly true of attempts to improve conditions in detention centres, and the situation of migrant workers and refugees more broadly. Most recently, a campaign by Libyan authorities against what they portrayed as EU plans to permanently settle migrants in the country showed that European policy is provoking considerable backlash. As the softer components of this policy have reached an impasse, it has been stripped to its hard core, namely arrangements with Libyan security actors to prevent departures, as well as support for interceptions at sea and returns to countries of origin. These measures are inextricably tied to Libya's system of arbitrary detention, which serves criminal interests. European attempts to disavow this system have been unconvincing and are preventing a serious reckoning with the political costs involved.

Keywords: Libya; irregular migration; International Organization for Migration (IOM); United Nations (UN); arms embargo; Khalifa Haftar; European Union; European Commission; Italy; Greece; migrant workers; refugees; interceptions at sea; returns to countries of origin; Maritime Rescue Coordination Centre (MRCC); Department for Combating Illegal Migration (DCIM) (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
New Economics Papers: this item is included in nep-ara, nep-inv, nep-mac and nep-mig
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:zbw:swpcom:329916

DOI: 10.18449/2025C41

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