Exploring Conditional Indirect Effects: A Structural Equation Modeling Approach

Carlos Sandoval-Alvarez

RAC - Revista de Administração Contemporânea (Journal of Contemporary Administration), 2025, vol. 29(4), issue Vol. 29 No. 4 (2025): July/Aug - 2025, e250047

Abstract: Objective: empirical testing of conditional indirect effect models is often considered challenging for researchers. Frequently, there is a lack of clarity regarding the appropriate setup and analysis. The objective of this tutorial is to contribute to the methodological literature in the field of management by proposing a simple but powerful approach to test conditional indirect effects. Proposal: it is twofold: first, it aims to elucidate the conceptual underpinnings that are essential for discerning the distinctions between mediation, moderation, and moderated mediation; second, it aims to provide the reader with a demonstrative example that outlines the step-by- step methodology for accurately parameterizing research models to test conditional indirect effects using the robust technique of covariance-based structural equation modeling. This methodological approach is designed to reveal the intricate mechanisms underlying cause-effect relationships within these complex models. The tutorial also delineates the treatment and interpretation of the data. Conclusions: the main contribution of this tutorial is to provide an easy-to-understand methodology on a complex topic such as conducting conditional indirect effect studies, thus allowing for substantial improvements in the quality of research in the field of management studies.

Date: 2025
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