Poverty and inequality in income of the population in Russia and abroad. General characteristics. Part 1

V. N. Livchits () and S. V. Livchits ()

Economics of Contemporary Russia, issue 3

Abstract: The article is devoted to analysis of the most acute and urgent for the modern world economy problems - poverty of population and inequality in its income. In the article it is considered, conformably both to the developed and developing countries, how large the difference is in livelihood of the people of our planet, i.e. in the wealth they have accumulated and income they receive; how large inequality is in potential financial possibilities, life level and quality of the people working in different industries and spheres, both in foreign countries and Russia. It is shown that contrary to expectations globalization processes in the world economy and society haven’t led to positive consequences but to serious negative ones. As a rule and during long period of the last and current centuries the following stable situation can be observed: the wealth is being distributed more and more unevenly, it is accumulated by more and more solvent groups. Moreover, the rich are getting richer and the poor are getting poorer, while the middle section is being eroded, to a large extent, by globalization processes. These conclusions are based both on systems analysis of official statistics and opinions of famous sociologists and economists, including Nobel prize-winners. Considerable attention is also given to methods of measuring inequality and poverty of population, principles of forming and real values of their indicators, their being influenced by various factors - status position of income-receiver, kind of activity, professional, regional and industry belonging, level of technological development of the country under consideration and so on. The article is naturally divided into two parts: in the first part general characteristics of the situation being studied will be given and in the second one - its more detailed factor analysis, besides, possible additional state measures on its improvement will be also indicated.

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