Integration Costs and Missing Women in Firms around the World

Conrad Miller, Jennifer Peck and Mehmet Seflek

AEA Papers and Proceedings, 2022, vol. 112, 578-82

Abstract: Where social norms favor gender segregation, firms may find it costly to employ both men and women. If the costs of integration are largely fixed, firms will integrate only if their expected number of female employees under integration exceeds some threshold. We use the distribution of female employment to estimate the share of firms with binding integration costs. Using global survey data, we find evidence for these binding integration costs in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) and South Asia but not in other regions. We also show that the intensity of gender segregation preferences is correlated with these integration costs in the MENA region.

JEL-codes: D22 J16 J23 O15 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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Citations: View citations in EconPapers (1)

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DOI: 10.1257/pandp.20221084

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