Precocious Albion: A New Interpretation of the British Industrial Revolution

Morgan Kelly, Joel Mokyr () and Cormac Ó Gráda
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Joel Mokyr: Departments of Economics and History, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208

Annual Review of Economics, 2014, vol. 6, issue 1, 363-389

Abstract: Many explanations have been offered for the British Industrial Revolution. This article points to the importance of human capital (broadly defined) and the quality of the British labor force on the eve of the Industrial Revolution. It shows that in terms of both physical quality and mechanical skills, British workers around 1750 were at a much higher level than their continental counterparts. As a result, new inventions—no matter where they originated—were adopted earlier, faster, and on a larger scale in Britain than elsewhere. The gap in labor quality is consistent with the higher wages paid in eighteenth-century Britain. The causes for the higher labor quality are explored and found to be associated with a higher level of nutrition and better institutions, especially England’s Poor Law and the superior functioning of its apprenticeship system.

Keywords: technological change; economic growth; income distribution; human capital; skills (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: N13 N33 O30 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2014
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Citations: View citations in EconPapers (49)

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Working Paper: Precocious Albion: a new interpretation of the British industrial revolution (2013)
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