Gender disparities in HIV treatment outcomes following release from jail: Results from a multicenter study

J.P. Meyer, A. Zelenev, J.A. Wickersham, C.T. Williams, P.A. Teixeira and F.L. Altice

American Journal of Public Health, 2014, vol. 104, issue 3, 434-441

Abstract: Objectives. We assessed gender differences in longitudinal HIV treatment outcomes among HIV-infected jail detainees transitioning to the community. Methods. Data were from the largest multisite prospective cohort study of HIV-infected released jail detainees (n = 1270)-the Enhancing Linkages to HIV Primary Care and Services in Jail Setting Initiative, January 2008 and March 2011, which had 10 sites in 9 states. We assessed baseline and 6-month HIV treatment outcomes, stratifying by gender. Results. Of 867 evaluable participants, 277 (31.9%) were women. Compared with men, women were more likely to be younger, non-Hispanic White, married, homeless, and depressed, but were similar in recent alcohol and heroin use. By 6 months postrelease, women were significantly less likely than men to experience optimal HIV treatment outcomes, including (1) retention in care (50% vs 63%), (2) antiretroviral therapy prescription (39% vs 58%) or optimal antiretroviral therapy adherence (28% vs 44%), and (3) viral suppression (18% vs 30%). In multiple logistic regression models, women were half as likely as men to achieve viral suppression. Conclusions. HIV-infected women transitioning from jail experience greater comorbidity and worse HIV treatment outcomes than men. Future interventions that transition people from jail to community-based HIV clinical care should be gender-specific.

Keywords: antiretrovirus agent, adult; article; confidence interval; female; health care disparity; human; Human immunodeficiency virus infection; male; methodology; middle aged; multicenter study; outcome assessment; prisoner; prospective study; risk; risk factor; sex difference, Adult; Anti-Retroviral Agents; Confidence Intervals; Female; Healthcare Disparities; HIV Infections; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Odds Ratio; Outcome Assessment (Health Care); Prisoners; Prospective Studies; Risk Factors; Sex Factors (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2014
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:aph:ajpbhl:10.2105/ajph.2013.301553_3

DOI: 10.2105/AJPH.2013.301553

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