Effects of racial prejudice on the health of communities: A multilevel survival analysis

Y. Lee, P. Muennig, I. Kawachi and M.L. Hatzenbuehler

American Journal of Public Health, 2015, vol. 105, issue 11, 2349-2355

Abstract: Objectives. We examined whether and how racial prejudice at both the individual and community levels contributes tomortality risk among majority as well as minority group members. Methods. We used data on racial attitudes from the General Social Survey (1993-2002) prospectively linked to mortality data from the National Death Index through 2008. Results. Whites and Blacks living in communities with higher levels of racial prejudice were at an elevated risk of mortality, independent of individual and community sociodemographic characteristics and individually held racist beliefs (odds ratio = 1.24; 95% confidence interval = 1.04, 1.49). Living in a highly prejudiced community had similar harmful effects among both Blacks and Whites. Furthermore, the interaction observed between individual- and community-level racial prejudice indicated that respondents with higher levels of racial prejudice had lower survival rates if they lived in communities with low degrees of racial prejudice. Community-level social capital explained the relationship between community racial prejudice and mortality. Conclusions. Community-level racial prejudice may disrupt social capital, and reduced social capital is associated with increased mortality risk among both Whites and Blacks. Our results contribute to an emerging body of literature documenting the negative consequences of prejudice for population health.

Keywords: adult; African American; California; Caucasian; demography; epidemiology; female; human; human relation; male; middle aged; minority group; mortality; multilevel analysis; prospective study; racism; social capital; socioeconomics; statistics and numerical data, Adult; African Americans; California; European Continental Ancestry Group; Female; Humans; Interpersonal Relations; Male; Middle Aged; Minority Groups; Mortality; Multilevel Analysis; Prospective Studies; Racism; Residence Characteristics; Social Capital; Socioeconomic Factors (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2015
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Citations: View citations in EconPapers (12)

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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:aph:ajpbhl:10.2105/ajph.2015.302776_7

DOI: 10.2105/AJPH.2015.302776

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