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Economic Factors That Influence Geographic Differentials in the Percentage of Families Who Own Dogs: An Exploratory Empirical Study for the United States

Richard J. Cebula, Gigi M. Alexander and Richard C. Hollingsworth

American Journal of Economics and Sociology, 2025, vol. 84, issue 4, 621-625

Abstract: This exploratory empirical study seeks to identify factors that influence interstate differentials in the percentage of families that provide a home for one or more dogs. Using PLS estimation for the contiguous 48 states over the period 2008–2016, several conclusions are obtained. These include the following: the percentage of family units with one or more dogs is found to be an increasing function of the percentage of the population that owns its own home, warmer climate, and the percent of the population without a high school diploma. In addition, there are three other findings. Namely, the percentage of family units consisting of one or more dogs is a decreasing function of the overall cost of living, the unemployment rate, and population density.

Date: 2025
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https://doi.org/10.1111/ajes.12642

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