Sanctions and their impacts on medical trade and health outcomes

Anna Miromanova

Review of International Economics, 2024, vol. 32, issue 1, 252-280

Abstract: Despite the intention that sanctions, by design, should not harm civilians' welfare, evidence shows that they can negatively affect health outcomes. In this study, I measure the impact of sanctions on international trade in medical supplies and cross‐country mortality rates. I find that sanctions, particularly those imposed by the United States, decrease the volume of medical exports to targeted countries, potentially leading to worse health outcomes. I also discover that sanctions increase mortality rates in the targeted countries, particularly for women with HIV/AIDS infections. Termination of foreign aid, blockades, and partial embargoes have the most damaging effect on mortality.

Date: 2024
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