INFLUENCE OF BUFFER ABILITY OF THE SOIL ON BIOACCUMULATION OF HEAVY METALS BY WINTER WHEAT IN THE ZONE OF INFLUENCE TPP

Konovalenko L.I., Bondareva O.B. and Vinyukov O.O.
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Vinyukov O.O.: Donetsk State Agricultural Science Station of NAAS

Balanced Nature Using, 2019, vol. 9, issue 2, 65-73

Abstract: The effect of the buffering ability of common chernozem on the bioaccumulation of heavy metals by winter wheat in the zone of technogenic impact of TPPs was studied. The mobility of heavy metals depending on the humus content in the arable layer of the soil and their accumulation in winter wheat plants under the conditions of anthropogenic load in the southeastern industrial region are studied. The content of gross and mobile forms of copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) in soils, which are the largest pollutants of agrolandscapes in Donetsk region, is highlighted. The content of these elements was also determined in the grain and straw of winter wheat. It is established that in the soil cover of Donetsk region. chernozems dominate (74% of the total agricultural land), which are characterized by significant buffering to heavy metals; for ordinary chernozem in the technogenic zone of the Kurakhovskaya TPP, an increase in the humus content from 3.6 to 4.9% contributes to a decrease in the concentration of mobile Cu, Zn and Pb by almost 2 times. Under these conditions, the content of mobile cadmium did not change significantly. In terms of the degree of mobility in the soil, heavy metals in terms of accessibility to plants are arranged in a row: Cd > Cu > Zn > Pb, that is, the buffer properties of ordinary chernozem are different for each of the elements studied. Zinc has the highest biological mobility. The lead content in the soil is much higher compared to the cadmium content, but the biological absorption coefficient of cadmium is almost twice as high. Biogenic elements such as copper and zinc accumulate more in regenerative organs, and the content of lead and cadmium was higher in straw. A decrease in the content of copper and zinc in grain and straw of winter wheat with an increase in the content of humus was revealed, while the content of lead in grain decreased by 22%. The results obtained make it possible to assess the risks of contamination of grain products with heavy metals and to predict the possibility of growing environmentally friendly products in regions of high technological pressure.

Keywords: technogenic pollution; soil buffering; humus; heavy metals; mobility level; winter wheat; grain; straw; coefficient of biological absorption (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2019
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