The Hidden Face of Justice: Fairness, Discrimination and Distribution in Transitional Justice Processes

Juan-Camilo Cardenas, Casas-Casas Andrés and Méndez Nathalie Méndez
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Casas-Casas Andrés: Centro de Análisis Político, Universidad EAFIT. Medellín, Colombia Independent Researcher and Principal Investigator for the World Values Survey in Colombia.
Méndez Nathalie Méndez: Centro de Memoria Histórica, Bogotá, Colombia Advisor for the Centro de Memoria Histórica.

Peace Economics, Peace Science, and Public Policy, 2014, vol. 20, issue 1, 33-60

Abstract: This article contributes to the literature on the impact of transitional justice measures using behavioral evidence from experiments. We argue that there is a distributional dilemma at the heart of transitional justice programs, given that the State must allocate goods and services both to victims and excombatants. Individual and social preferences over these processes matter, given that they are likely to scale up to undermine or increase public support for transitional justice programs. We offer evidence from the Colombian case, to show what we call the hidden face of justice effect, which occurs when in the transition from war to peace distributional dilemmas arise and generate a social sanction function that creates negative incentives that can affect the achievement of reintegration of ex-combatants and jeopardizes the maintenance of peace. In order to explore the microfoundations that underlie the differences between allocations to victims and ex-combatants, we use data from field experiments and find that ex-combatants expect lower transfers from public officers and citizens and indeed receive lower transfers, if compared to the victims and the control groups included in the study, despite the fact that third-party observers have the power to punish senders when making offers seen by the third-party as unfair.

Keywords: transitional justice; fairness; field experiments; third-party punishment game; Colombia; JEL Codes: C93; D03; D63; D64; D74; H56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2014
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Citations: View citations in EconPapers (1)

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Working Paper: The hidden face of Justice: Fairness, Discrimination and Distribution in Transitional Justice Processes (2013)
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DOI: 10.1515/peps-2013-0052

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