Adjusting for Spurious Gene-by-Environment Interaction Using Case-Parent Triads

Shin Ji-Hyung, Infante-Rivard Claire, Graham Jinko and McNeney Brad
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Shin Ji-Hyung: Simon Fraser University
Infante-Rivard Claire: McGill University
Graham Jinko: Simon Fraser University
McNeney Brad: Simon Fraser University

Statistical Applications in Genetics and Molecular Biology, 2012, vol. 11, issue 2, 23

Abstract: In the case-parent trio design, unrelated children affected with a disease are genotyped along with their parents. Information may also be collected on environmental factors in the children. The design permits estimation and testing of genetic effects and gene-by-environment interaction. Recently, it has been demonstrated that when genotypes are measured at a non-causal test locus, population stratification can create spurious interaction. That is, the environmental factor can appear to modify the disease risk associated with genotypes at the test locus without modifying the disease risk of genotypes at the causal locus. One design-based approach that is robust to spurious interaction requires the environmental factor to also be available on an unaffected sibling of the affected child. We explore the source of spurious interaction and suggest an alternate approach that mitigates its effects using case-parent triads. Our approach is based on adjusting the risk model using ancestry informative markers or random markers measured on the affected child and does not require data on unaffected siblings. We apply an approach to generating case-parent data, implemented in a freely-available R package soon to be released on the Comprehensive R Archive Network (CRAN).

Keywords: genetic association; gene-by-environment interaction; case-parent trio design; population stratification (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2012
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DOI: 10.2202/1544-6115.1714

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